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System Design

Resources from an IFRS standpoint

According to IFRS (IAS 1), these are the different resources types of interest:

  • Property, plant and equipment
  • Investment property
  • Goodwill
  • Intangible assets other than goodwill
  • Other, financial assets
  • Other, non financial assets
  • Investment accounted for using the equity method
  • Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates
  • Biological assets
  • Noncurrent assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale or as held for distribution to owners
  • Inventories
  • Current tax assets
  • Deferred tax assets
  • Trade and other receivables
  • Cash and cash equivalents
  • Non cash assets pledged as collateral for which the transferee has right by contract or custom to sell or repledge collateral

And these are the utilities - by nature - which are considered of interest according to IFRS:

  • Raw materials and consumables used: For manufacturing and service industry, the utility of raw materials and consumables is realized when selling the finished goods or rendering the service.
  • Cost of merchandise sold. For the trading industry, the utility of merchandise is realized when selling it.
  • Services: The following utilities are realized upon purchasing them from a supplier, or in certain cases upon consumption of an inventory item. In the latter case, the stock issue would specify the appropriate budget code.
    • Insurance
    • Professional fees
    • Transportation
    • Bank and similar charges
    • Energy transmission charges
    • Travel
    • Communication
    • Utilities: includes everything one may get when renting space, including electricity, gas, water, or sewerage, Internet, garbage, oil (for heating) etc.
    • Advertising
    • (Our extension): Office space, Repair and maintenance, Unallowable
  • Employee benefits: The following utilities are realized once due, based on employment contract and/or labor law. 
    • Short term employee benefits
      • Social security contributions
      • Other short-term employee benefits
      • Wages and salaries
    • Post employment benefit expense, defined contribution plans
    • Post employment benefit expense, defined benefit plans
    • Termination benefits
    • Other long-term employee benefits
    • Other employee expense
  • Depreciation, amortization: The following utilities are realized upon usage or time pass of property, plant and equipment or intangible assets:
    • Depreciation and amortization
    • Impairment loss

Any of the above utilities can be sought after for the following functions (operations, activities):

  • Administrative
  • Distribution
  • Sales
  • Production: This one is temporary, as the balance is to be absorbed by the items produced
  • Services: This one is also temporary, as the balance is to be allocated to the centers being served


9 June, 2025

We specialize in the field of IT business applications for enterprises having 50+ employees. We cover the full spectrum from consultancy to implementation and tailoring. We cater for the custom needs in the following industries: Steel manufacturing, vehicles assembly, real estate rental, grains processing, and import/export. We partner with top solution providers, such as Google for web-based productivity software (G Suite), Microsoft for hosting (Azure) and AI systems, Tellma for ERP solutions, and Campus for education management systems.

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